State Medical Marijuana Programs Protected by Congress

US Congress Rohrabacher Farr Amendment

State medical marijuana programs have again been protected by the U.S. Congress despite a request by Attorney General Jeff Sessions that the protections be removed (see Jeff Sessions Letter).  Congress and the President signed off on the fiscal year 2018 omnibus funding legislation which keeps medical marijuana protection in place through September 30, 2018.

Rep. Earl Blumenauer, co-chair of the Congressional Cannabis Caucus, said:

“While I’m glad that our medical marijuana protections are included, there is nothing to celebrate since Congress only maintained the status quo.  These protections have been law since 2014.  This matter should be settled once and for all.  Poll after poll shows that the majority of Americans, across every party, strongly favor the right to use medical marijuana.”

“Instead, Attorney General Jeff Sessions is doubling down on the failed War on Drugs and Republican leadership in Congress—led by Chairman Pete Sessions—is stonewalling.  They’re ignoring the will of the American people by blocking protections for state adult-use laws and cannabis banking.  They even refused our veterans access to lifesaving medicine.”

The 2018 omnibus funding legislation extends the Rohrabacher-Blumenauer Amendment (Rep. Dana Rohrabacher, R-California, and Rep. Earl Blumenauer, D-Oregon) which prohibits the use of federal funds to prevent certain States from implementing their own State laws that authorize the use, distribution, possession, or cultivation of medical marijuana.  That language was initially passed by Congress in 2014 as the Rohrabacher-Farr Amendment (H.Amdt.748) and is now known as the Rohrabacher-Blumenauer Amendment.

Because the provision is included as part of a Congressional spending package and does not explicitly amend the US Controlled Substances Act, members must re-authorize the amendment annually.  This is the ninth time the amendment has been temporarily extended by Congress.

The Rohrabacher-Blumenauer Amendment was supported by a bipartisan group letter to House and Senate leadership from 66 Congress members including Rep. Dana Rohrabacher and Rep. Earl Blumenauer.

Also in support of the Rohrabacher-Blumenauer Amendment was a letter from California State Treasurer John Chiang.  Read more about state cannabis law at California Cannabis Law.

In August, 2016, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in United States v. McIntosh, 833 F.3d 1163, 1177 (9th Cir. 2016), unanimously ruled that the Rohrabacher-Farr Amendment bars the federal government from taking legal action against any individual involved in medical marijuana related activity absent evidence that the defendant is in clear violation of state law.

(Update: On May 17, 2018, for the first time ever, the US House Appropriations Committee approved inclusion of the Rohrabacher-Farr amendment in the Commerce, Justice, Science (CJS) appropriations bill for fiscal year 2019.  On June 12, the US Senate Appropriations Committee also approved a base CJS appropriations bill with the Rohrabacher-Farr amendment included.)

Contact us to learn more about California state or local cannabis regulations, cannabis regulatory compliance, and cannabis litigation.

Cannabis Opportunities in San Bernardino; or lack thereof

Marijuana Laws

For several years, cannabis businesses of any kind were banned in the City of San Bernardino.  In November 2016, the citizens of San Bernardino had three choices regarding the future of cannabis in their town.  Two of the choices were the result of the initiative process which requires the proponents to collect sufficient signatures from registered voters in the City before they could be placed on the ballot.  The third choice was a City-sponsored ballot measure.  With three options on the ballot, San Bernardino voters were faced with a difficult choice.

Measure “O” established a regulatory process for all cannabis businesses (medical and adult-use), including zoning restrictions related to specific parcel numbers, distance from residential zones, and taxation.  Measure “N” also established a regulatory process for medical cannabis businesses only, including zoning restrictions to permit businesses in commercial zones, established distance requirements, imposed a 5% taxation on all gross receipts, and mandated a minimum of twenty medical cannabis business licenses in the City.  Measure “P”, placed on the ballot by the City Council,  established a regulatory process for all cannabis businesses, including zoning restrictions, but no taxation.

The City-wide ballot measures were on the same ballot as California Proposition 64 (Adult Use of Marijuana Act – AUMA) , the State-wide legalization of Adult Use of Cannabis (read more about California Cannabis Law).  Nearly 53% of the citizens of the County of San Bernardino voted for the legalization of the Adult Use of Cannabis.

Measure “O” was the successful measure with 54% of the votes cast (Measure “N” received 51.10%, and Measure “P” 48.45%).

The City was simultaneously sued to mandate the immediate implementation of Measure “O” and, alternatively, a challenge to the validity of Measure “O”.  The Court issued its Final Statement of Decision invalidating Measure “O” on February 9, 2018.  Read the Court Decision on San Bernardino Measure O.

It is anticipated that the proponents of Measure “O” will appeal the trial court decision and request a stay of the trial court decision.  It is further anticipated that the proponents of Measure “N” will file a lawsuit demanding that Measure “N” is immediately operative.  For more info, see this article from the San Bernardino Sun.

Meanwhile, on February 1, 2018, the City of San Bernardino extended a moratorium for ten months and fifteen days reinstating the previous ban of all cannabis businesses.  City staff presented proposed new regulations to the City Council on February 7, 2018.  The proposed new regulations will be forwarded to the Planning Commission for consideration.

Between lawsuits and City Council consideration of new regulations,  it is unclear what the future of cannabis will be in the City of San Bernardino.

Contact us to learn more about California state or local cannabis regulations, cannabis regulatory compliance, and cannabis litigation.